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Importing into India means bringing goods into India from a foreign country. In India, imports and exports are regulated by the Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act of 1992. The Central Government is empowered to make provisions for developing and regulating foreign trade in India. Generally, the following procedure is involved in the import and export activities:
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The primary method of classifying an item for import and export operations is the ITC (HS) code. The ITC (HS) Code is an 8-digit alphanumeric code issued by the DGFT. It represents a specific class or category of goods, ensuring that the importer follows regulations concerning those goods. An import license can be either a general license or a specific license. With a general license, goods can be imported from any country; however, with a specific license, goods can be imported only from specific countries.
Import licenses are used for import clearance and are generally valid for 24 months for capital goods and 18 months for raw material components, consumables, and spare parts. They can be renewed after the expiry of the validity period.
A set of documents are required to be submitted for import in India. These documents include commercial invoices and regulatory documents dealing with various regulatory authorities such as customs, excise, licensing, etc.
As per the Foreign Trade Policy1 2015 – 2020, there are certain commercial documents that are mandatory for importing into India. These documents are:
On a case-to-case basis, certain additional documents may be required for importing into India; they are:
In summation, the process of import to India is lengthy. Regulatory compliances need to be confirmed for the successful import of goods. On failure to comply with any of the requirements, the delivery of goods can be delayed, canceled, or considered illegal.
Imports and Exports in India are regulated by the Foreign Trade (Development and Regulation) Act of 1992.
In India, customs are regulated by the Customs Act of 1962.
The Directorate General of Foreign Trade (DGFT) Organization regulates the import trade in India.
The airway bill or the bill of lading is one of the most important legal requirements for importing goods in India.
Import trade compliance includes ensuring that the goods are classified correctly the origin and the valuation of goods is correctly declared as per the laws.
The responsibility of an importer is to rightly declare the products to Customs and to find out what regulation it is subject to.
The four pillars on which the FTP 2023 stands are Incentive to Remission, Export promotion through collaboration, Ease of Doing Business, and Emerging Areas.
Read Our Article: How to Setup an Import Export Business in India: A Guide for Entrepreneurs
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