Direct Tax Services
Audit
Consulting
ESG Advisory
RBI Services
SEBI Services
IRDA Registration
FEMA Advisory
Compliances
IBC Services
VCFO Services
Developed
Developing
BOTs
American
EU-1
EU-2
South East
South Asia
Gulf
ME
Select Your Location
Insolvency is when the individual, corporation, or other organization can’t meet its financial obligations for paying debts as they are due. Bankruptcy isn’t exactly same as the insolvency. Technically, Bankruptcy occurs when the court has determined insolvency, & given legal orders for it to be resolved. Bankruptcy is the determination of the insolvency made by the court of law with resulting the legal orders intended to resolve insolvency. Insolvency describes the situation as where the debtor is not able to meet his or her obligations. Bankruptcy is the legal scheme in which the insolvent debtor seeks relief.
Due to incidence of the industrial sickness which was resulting in loss of production, the loss of employment, the loss of government revenue, the blockage of funds advanced by the banks etc, a committee was constituted under a Chairmanship of Shri T Tiwari, Chairman, Industrial Reconstruction Corporation of India to look into causes of the Industrial sickness & to suggest the remedial measures. Based on recommendations of the Tiwari Committee SICA was enacted. Due to misuse of SICA by erring promoters & others, BIFR failed to fulfill such purpose & mandate as envisaged in SICA.
A Standing Committee on International Financial Standards & Codes has been set up by Governor, Reserve Bank of India (RBI) with the objectives of identifying & monitoring developments in global standards & codes pertaining to various segments of financial system, considering all the aspects of the applicability of such standards as well as codes to Indian financial system, drawing out the desirable roadmap for aligning India’s standards & practices in light of evolving international practices. The Standing Committee in its first meeting held in New Delhi decided to constitute non-official Advisory Groups in 10 major subject areas including 43 different standards/codes. Incidentally, 1 of the subject area identified is “Bankruptcy Laws”.
The Advisory Group on “Bankruptcy Laws” under the Chairmanship of Dr. N. L. Mitra, Director, National Law School of India, University, Bangalore The N. L. Mitra Committee noted that Indian laws on cross-border insolvency are obsolete& that they aren’t comparable to any standards set in international legal requirement & as such, stands apart & alone. It also noted that in the event of an international insolvency proceeding involving the Indian company, Indian courts are unlikely to provide any help or assistance to a foreign liquidator or other insolvency official if this was to be prejudicial to the companies’ creditors on basis of how those creditors are or would have been treated under any equivalent Indian law insolvency proceeding.
(i) The High Courts, which have the power to order winding up of companies as per the provisions of Companies Act, 1956;
(ii) The Company Law Board to use powers conferred on it by Act or powers of the Central Government delegated to it &
(iii) Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction (BIFR) that deals with the references relating to the rehabilitation & revival of the companies.
It may run on the average upto25 years; Eastern region being worst.
The Committee also recommended that the jurisdiction, the power & the authority relating to the winding up of companies be vested in National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) instead of the High Court as at present. The National Company Law Tribunal (NCLT) inter alia be—
Dr. J.J. Irani Expert Committee on Company Law was set up by the Government to recommend the new company law as the part of the on-going legal & financial sector reform process in country
The highlights of the report of the Committee regarding Restructuring and Liquidation are given as mentioned as under:
The Bankruptcy Law Reforms Committee (Chairman: Dr.T. K. Viswanathan) submitted its report to the Ministry of Finance on November 4, 2015.
The objectives of the Committee were to resolve insolvency with:
The Committee observed that currently, the creditors are having limited power, in the event if the debtor defaults in making payment. They are able to recover only 20% of debt amount on an average, which ultimately leads to the lending being restricted to the few large companies.
The Committee also observed that decisions regarding defaulting firm are business decisions, & should be taken by creditors.
Presently, laws in India bring together a legislature, executive & judiciary for the insolvency resolution.
The Committee has moved away from this approach, & has proposed to establish the Creditors committee, where financial creditors will have votes in the proportion to their magnitude of debt. The creditor’s committee will undertake negotiations with the debtor, to come up with revival or repayment plan.
The report outlines a procedure for the insolvency resolution for the companies & individuals. The process may be initiated by either debtor or creditors. Presently, only the secured financial creditors (creditors who are holding collateral against loans), can file the application for declaring the company sick. The Committee has proposed that operational creditors, such as employees whose salaries are due, be allowed to begin the insolvency resolution process (IRP).The entire IRP will be managed by the licensed insolvency professional.
A Committee has proposed to set up the Insolvency Professional Agencies. The agencies will admit the insolvency professionals as the members & develop a code of conduct. An environment where such agencies compete with each other, to achieve greater efficiency & better performance has been proposed. The report recommends the speedy insolvency resolution & time bound negotiations between the creditors & the debtors. To make sure this, a 180 day time period for completion of IRP has been suggested. For cases where there exist high complexity, this time period may extend by 90 days.
Experienced Finance and Legal Professional with 12+ Years of Experience in Legal, Finance, Fintech, Blockchain, and Revenue Management.
The Reserve Bank of India, in its press release dated June 8, 2023, issued Statement on Develop...
RBI released a developmental and regulatory policy statement on June 8, 2023. The objective of...
Financial Institutions called Asset Reconstruction Companies ("ARCs") reconstruct and securitis...
Any person booked for an offence under the Criminal Procedure Code (CrPc) / the Code would be r...
The Reserve Bank of India regulates Non-Banking Financial Companies in India, and they are subj...
The Reserve Bank of India regulates Non-banking Financial Companies in accordance with the RBI...
Incorporation of a Limited Liability Company (LLC) is an attractive choice for small business o...
The Reserve Bank of India (the Bank) issued Non-Banking Financial Companies Acceptance of Publi...
A few years ago, investing in traditional investment categories like shares, bonds, real estate...
Compared to other organisations, the corporate governance of Non-Banking Financial Companies is...
Are you human?: 6 + 8 =
Easy Payment Options Available No Spam. No Sharing. 100% Confidentiality
The term “Merger” can be referred to as combining two or more companies into one. In general, it is a form of a...
19 Oct, 2022
If you have come across successful CFOs, you will find that they live by a set of principles that govern their inte...
30 Mar, 2021
Red Herring Top 100 Asia enlists outstanding entrepreneurs and promising companies. It selects the award winners from approximately 2000 privately financed companies each year in the Asia. Since 1996, Red Herring has kept tabs on these up-and-comers. Red Herring editors were among the first to recognize that companies such as Google, Facebook, Kakao, Alibaba, Twitter, Rakuten, Salesforce.com, Xiaomi and YouTube would change the way we live and work.
Researchers have found out that organization using new technologies in their accounting and tax have better productivity as compared to those using the traditional methods. Complying with the recent technological trends in the accounting industry, Enterslice was formed to focus on the emerging start up companies and bring innovation in their traditional Chartered Accountants & Legal profession services, disrupt traditional Chartered Accountants practice mechanism & Lawyers.
Stay updated with all the latest legal updates. Just enter your email address and subscribe for free!
Chat on Whatsapp
Hey I'm Suman. Let's Talk!