Make in India Scheme: Advantages, Challenges and Sectors of Make in India

Shreya Patel

04 Aug, 2023

The main objectives of implementing this scheme are to advance skill development, create a manufacturing infrastructure, draw foreign investment, and fully utilize India’s talent pool. Make in India focuses on 25 industries, including those in the automotive, aviation, chemical, and other industries. This article gives a thorough summary of the Make in India scheme, outlining its benefits, risks, and numerous target industries. The Make in India Program, introduced by Prime Minister Modi on September 25, 2014, encourages businesses to produce their goods in India with the primary goal of increasing the manufacturing sector’s share of India’s GDP.

Importance of Promoting Domestic Manufacturing

Promoting indigenous manufacturing is crucial for a nation’s sustainable development and economic prosperity. A country can get a variety of benefits that boost its general prosperity by promoting the manufacture of commodities inside its own boundaries. First off, local manufacturing offers employment possibilities to the workers, lowering unemployment rates and raising living standards. This then stimulates a rise in consumer spending, which fuels more economic activity. Second, encouraging domestic production reduces reliance on imports, resulting in a smaller trade deficit and an improved balance of payments. A country can protect its economy against external shocks and changes in international commerce by manufacturing things domestically.

Different Sectors of Make in India

Under the Make in India drive, the government has identified 25 areas that need major development. The government wants to make the investment procedure as simple as possible, and these chosen areas are anticipated to draw significant Foreign Direct Investment (FDI). In order to encourage foreign investment in the different Make in India sectors, including railways, medical services, defence, insurance, and other industries, it aims to create an environment that is favourable to investors. The 25 industries that make up the Make in India programme are listed below:

Advantages of the Make in India Scheme

1. Economic Growth and Employment Generation: By promoting local manufacturing, the Make in India programme has been instrumental in accelerating India’s economic growth. Increased industrial production as a result of the focus on manufacturing has greatly boosted the nation’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP). As a result, the programme has made it easier to create a large number of job possibilities across several industries, which has helped to lower unemployment rates.
2. Foreign Direct Investment: The Make in India project has been effective in attracting investors abroad due to its supportive policies and reforms. India has improved its ease of doing business, simplified its regulatory procedures, and implemented policies that are welcoming to investors, making it a desirable location for international businesses wishing to set up manufacturing facilities. The increase in foreign direct investment has improved India’s economic stability as well as its manufacturing capacity.
3. Reduced Import Dependency: The Make in India initiative sought to decrease India’s reliance on imports by encouraging indigenous manufacturing. The focus on home production has led to the expansion of sectors that were formerly largely dependent on imports, reducing the trade imbalance and preserving foreign exchange reserves. In times of global unpredictability, India’s economic resilience has been strengthened by its independence.
4. Development of Infrastructure: The Make in India initiative has significantly advanced the nation’s industrial infrastructure. It has aided in the growth of industrial corridors, strengthened logistics and transportation networks, and improved energy and power supply systems. These infrastructure improvements have cultivated a climate that is favourable for businesses to flourish and expand their operations.
5. Enhancing Exports: Enhancing India’s export potential and global competitiveness is one of the main goals of the Make in India scheme. Indian products have become more popular abroad because of incentives for domestic production and investments in quality enhancements. The program has given exporters new prospects and given them a chance to investigate several international markets.

• Technology transfer and skill development: The Make in India scheme has placed a strong emphasis on skill development to meet the changing demands of the industrial industry. To provide the workforce with the required knowledge and competence, many skill development programmes have been put in place. Additionally, the scheme’s global alliances and collaborations have permitted knowledge transfers, allowing India to adopt cutting-edge manufacturing techniques and advances.

Challenges that are faced in Make in India Scheme

India has a lack of trained workers in the manufacturing sector, making it difficult for businesses to locate qualified candidates for their manufacturing facilities. In addition, barriers, including corruption, poor infrastructure, and unfavourable labour regulations, prevent investors from investing in India. Everyone agrees that the nation’s poor performance on the “ease of doing business index” is a disadvantage to potential investors. In order to guarantee the campaign’s success, it is essential to address problems like corruption at the local level as well as make major improvements to the nation’s physical infrastructure.

India also has more than 60% of its land under cultivation, and there are worries that the country’s emphasis on industrial development might have a detrimental influence on agriculture and could permanently harm fertile soil. Concerns about pollution and other environmental repercussions are also raised by the campaign’s emphasis on manufacturing.

Different schemes in Make in India

• The Sagarmala Project focuses on improving port connections and infrastructure in order to stimulate economic activity. It intends to create and support port-led growth in India.
• The International Solar Alliance (ISA)¹ is a group of nations that are situated between the Tropics of Cancer and Capricorn. Its mission is to advance solar technology and sustainable development strategies.
• An effort called AGNII, or Accelerating Growth of New India’s Innovation, aims to strengthen India’s innovation ecosystem by fostering connections and encouraging the commercialization of inventions.
• The Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana focuses on financial inclusion by giving all residents affordable access to a range of financial services, including banking, savings and deposit accounts, remittances, credit, insurance, and pension.
• By enhancing infrastructure and utilizing technology to build smart and sustainable urban centres, the Smart Cities mission aims to revitalize and reinvent Indian cities.
• The Atal Mission for Rejuvenation and Urban Transformation seeks to improve the quality of life in 500 cities around India by creating essential public facilities.
• The goal of the Skill India mission is to increase the employability of 10 million people yearly by providing them with skills in a variety of areas. As just 2% of the population in India had formal education at the time of introduction, the goal is to improve that number.
• Startup India’s major objective is to develop an environment that fosters the development of entrepreneurs, resulting in sustainable economic growth and the creation of job opportunities.
• By encouraging the broad use of digital technology and services, the Digital India program seeks to convert India into a knowledge-based economy that is enabled by the digital world.

Conclusion

The Make in India initiative continues to be a ray of hope, giving millions of people the vision of a thriving and independent India. India’s manufacturing sector may see exceptional growth with tenacity and coordinated efforts, changing the country’s economic direction for future generations. Make in India can drive India towards a brighter and more independent future, placing it proudly among the world’s top economies with a unified vision and unshakable dedication.

FAQs

1. https://mnre.gov.in/isa/