{"id":25924,"date":"2019-10-24T11:00:39","date_gmt":"2019-10-24T05:30:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/?p=25924"},"modified":"2019-10-23T18:13:56","modified_gmt":"2019-10-23T12:43:56","slug":"provisions-and-exemptions-under-section-14a","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/provisions-and-exemptions-under-section-14a\/","title":{"rendered":"Read About the Provisions and Exemptions Under Section 14A"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-drop-cap\">Tax is the primary source of revenue for Government in India, and thus, various forms of income are taxable under the purview of the <strong>Income Tax Act<\/strong><sup><a href=\"https:\/\/www.incometaxindia.gov.in\/pages\/acts\/income-tax-act.aspx\">[1]<\/a><\/sup>. However, individual incomes are exempted from taxability and don&rsquo;t fall within the scope of the tax laws of India. Incomes such as agricultural income, tax-free interest, eligible incomes of charitable institutions, etc. are exempted from tax, and thus assessee needs not to pay any tax on such income. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, in a few cases, assessee incurred certain expenditures to\nearn income,\nwhich is tax-free income, i.e., exempted income. For Instance, to finance the\ninvestment in tax-free bonds, the taxpayer has taken the loan and is paying the\ninterest on such a loan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>So, the question arises whether the taxpayer can claim the expenses incurred to earn the exempted income. <\/em>There is a contradictory view on this debate. The taxpayer contended that such expenses incurred to earn the exempted income should be allowed as a deduction to arrive at taxable income. On the contrary, Income Tax Department holds an entirely different view stating that whole income is already exempted from tax liability, and those expenses shall not be allowed as they will reduce the total tax liability on non-exempted incomes.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Therefore, <strong>section 14A<\/strong> was introduced with effect from 2001, bringing clarity on the intentions of the legislature concerning the expenses made to earn exempt income, which is discussed in brief henceforth.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Section 14A- An\nOverview<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As per the Section 14A of\nthe Income Tax Act, 1961 expenditure incurred by the\ntaxpayer for earning the income which is not included in the taxable income or\nsuch incomes are exempted from the tax implications should not be considered or\ntaken into account while computing the total income of the taxpayer to levy tax\nthereon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The main motive behind the insertion of this section is to ensure\nthat the taxpayer doesn&rsquo;t get the double benefits in case of composition\ntransactions. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Applicability of\nSection 14A<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Section 14A applies in the following cases:<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>The taxpayer claims that\nthere is no expenditure incurred for earning such exempted income.<\/li><li>The taxpayer has\nincurred the expenses to earn the exempted income, and such expenses are\ndisallowed by the taxpayer<\/li><li>The assessing officer is\nnot satisfied with the correctness of the amount claimed for expenditure\nincurred. <\/li><li>The assessee has\ninvested to earn exempted income.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Process of Applying\nSection 14A<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Section 14A contains the following sub-section:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Section 14A (1) prevails\nif the taxpayer has incurred the expenditure to incur the exempted income.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Section 14A (2) if the\ntaxpayer claims the amount of expenditure incurred concerning earning the\nexempted income and the Assessing officer has to verify the accounts of such\ntaxpayer for verifying the correctness of the claim. Assessing Officer verifies\nthe expenses mentioned in the books of account and after assessment, if the\nofficer is:<\/li><li>Satisfied with the claim after such verification, he shall\ndisallow the expenses u\/s 14A.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>OR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>&nbsp;In case he is not satisfied\nwith the claim, he will start the application of Rule 8D for calculating the\namount of disallowance. <\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Section 14A (3) is\napplied in case the taxpayer has not incurred any expenditure for earning the exempted\nincome. In this case, assessing officers directly apply Rule 8D for\ndetermination of the expenditure that can be disallowed under section 14A.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><a href=\"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/income-tax-return-filing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" width=\"730\" height=\"90\" src=\"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/INCOME-TAX-ADVISORY.png\" alt=\"INCOME TAX ADVISORY\" class=\"wp-image-23055\" srcset=\"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/INCOME-TAX-ADVISORY.png 730w, https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/08\/INCOME-TAX-ADVISORY-300x37.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 730px) 100vw, 730px\"\/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Rule 8D of Income Tax\nRules<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>As per rule 8D(1), in case the assessing officer after verifying\nthe books is not satisfied by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>The correctness of the claim made by the assessee concerning\nexpenditure made by the taxpayer to incur tax-free income<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>OR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Regarding the claim of the taxpayer that no expenditure has been\nincurred on exempted income during the previous year.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>The assessing officer shall determine the value of the\nabove-stated expenditure as per Rule 8D(2). As per this rule expenditure\nincurred for earning the exempted income shall be the aggregate of the\nfollowing two:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol><li>Amount of expenditure that directly relates to the exempted income\nthat doesn&rsquo;t form part of total income.<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>AND<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>The amount equals to 1% of the average monthly value of the\ninvestment that yields exempted income. Such amount shall not exceed the actual\nexpenses claimed by the taxpayer.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Key-Points <\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Following are the key points for understanding section 14A:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Disallowances under\nsection 14A are only for the expenses that have been claimed as a\ndeduction.&nbsp; No question of disallowance\narises in case the assessee has not claimed the deduction at all.<\/li><li>Assessing officer shall\nprove that the claims of the assessee are incorrect based on the principle of\nnatural justice and fairness with the supporting documents of case laws and\norder passed by the Supreme Court for proving the computation of taxpayer is\nincorrect.<\/li><li>Only those investments\nshall be considered for calculating the average that yields exempted income and\nnot the entire investments for computation under Rule 8D.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Case Study<\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Can the disallowance be claimed\nif the exempted income doesn&rsquo;t exist?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>There have been countless litigation on this issue, but it has been decided that the disallowance of expenditure is towards exempted income. As in the case of <strong>Assistant CIT vs. M. Baskaran<\/strong>, it was held that disallowance is for exempted income and not exempted investment. <\/p>\n\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Baskaran_14A_Rule_8D.pdf\" class=\"pdfemb-viewer\" style=\"width: 767px; \" data-width=\"767\" data-height=\"max\" data-toolbar=\"bottom\" data-toolbar-fixed=\"on\">Baskaran_14A_Rule_8D<br><\/a>\n<p class=\"wp-block-pdfemb-pdf-embedder-viewer\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Can the disallowance be\nmore than the actual expenditure claimed by the assessee?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Disallowance under\nsection 14A can never exceed the amount of expenditure claimed by the assessee\nas discussed in the popular case of <strong>Gillette\nGroup Pvt Ltd vs. Assistant CIT.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Gillette_14A_Rule_8D_dividend.pdf\" class=\"pdfemb-viewer\" style=\"width: 767px; \" data-width=\"767\" data-height=\"max\" data-toolbar=\"bottom\" data-toolbar-fixed=\"on\">Gillette_14A_Rule_8D_dividend<br><\/a>\n<p class=\"wp-block-pdfemb-pdf-embedder-viewer\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Will the provisions of\nsection 14A be applicable in cases if the assessee has utilized his surplus\nfund to make the tax-free investment?<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>As the order passed in\nthe case of Principal Commissioner of Income Tax vs. Sintex Industries stating\nthat in case the assessee has utilized its surplus fund for making a minor\ninvestment, there will be no disallowance of interest expenses and\nadministrative expenditure under section 14A.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"read\"><p><b>Also, Read:<\/b> <mark><a href=\"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/analysis-tax-exempt-income\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">Analysis of Tax on Exempt Income<\/a><\/mark>.<\/p><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tax is the primary source of revenue for Government in India, and thus, various forms of income are taxable under the purview of the Income Tax Act[1]. However, individual incomes are exempted from taxability and don&rsquo;t fall within the scope of the tax laws of India. Incomes such as agricultural income, tax-free interest, eligible incomes [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":24,"featured_media":25958,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1473,2435],"tags":[2792,2793,2791],"acf":{"service_id":"127"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v14.6.1 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>All About the Provisions and Exemptions Under Section 14A<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The Section 14A of the Income Tax Act deals with Provisions and Exemptions for the treated exempted incomes under the IT Act.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow\" \/>\n<meta name=\"googlebot\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<meta name=\"bingbot\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/provisions-and-exemptions-under-section-14a\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"All About the Provisions and Exemptions Under Section 14A\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Section 14A of the Income Tax Act deals with Provisions and Exemptions for the treated exempted incomes under the IT Act.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/provisions-and-exemptions-under-section-14a\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Enterslice\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/enterslice\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2019-10-24T05:30:39+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2019-10-23T12:43:56+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Section-14A.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1200\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"630\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@enterslice\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@enterslice\" \/>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","authorName":"Savvy Midha","authorImageUrl":"https:\/\/enterslice.com\/learning\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/10\/Savvy-Midha.jpg","authorDescription":"\"Savvy Midha holds the degrees of Bachelor of Commerce(honors), LL.B and Company Secretary. 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